Several factors contribute to the development of head and neck cancer. Understanding these can help in prevention and early action.
- Tobacco Use:Smoking or chewing tobacco is a leading cause, damaging cells over time.
- Alcohol Consumption:Heavy drinking increases risk, especially when combined with tobacco.
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Certain strains, like HPV-16, are linked to oropharyngeal cancers.
- Poor Diet:Lack of fruits and vegetables may weaken the body’s defenses.
- Exposure to Sunlight: Prolonged exposure can lead to lip or skin cancer in the head and neck area.
- Occupational Hazards: Exposure to asbestos or wood dust raises the risk for some.